CIVIL SERVICE INFO

section 1  word limit 30 words  Q 1 what do you mean by chemical equilibrium? describe in brief. chemical equilibrium as a state in which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction. example H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g)  Q 2 differentiates between minerals and ore? Minerals are naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic solid substances having a definite chemical composition and characteristic crystalline structure, color, and hardness. For example, copper pyrite (CuFeS2), A mineral from which metal can be economically extracted in a maximum amount is called an ore. example Fe2O3  Q 3 EXPLAIN OHM'S LAW?  a law stating that electric current is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance.  Q 4 write four applications of solar cell?  Transportation, Solar cells in calculators, Solar cell panels, Solar cell advantages. Q 5 Difference between resistance and specific resistance?  The ratio of the potential difference between the

  GDP deflator The GDP deflator, also called implicit price deflator, is a measure of inflation. It is the ratio of the value of goods and services an economy produces in a particular year at current prices to that of prices that prevailed during the base year. This ratio helps show the extent to which the increase in the gross domestic product has happened on account of higher prices rather than an increase in output. Since the deflator covers the entire range of goods and services produced in the economy — as against the limited commodity baskets for the wholesale or consumer price indices — it is seen as a more comprehensive measure of inflation. source the Hindu

  $1 trillion platinum coin The $1 trillion platinum coin is a token coin with a face value of $1 trillion that can be issued by the U.S. Treasury and deposited at the U.S. Federal Reserve, America’s central bank. It will help the U.S. Government to get from the Fed the money that it needs to fund its spending programs without increasing its overall liabilities. source the hindu

  Headline inflation Headline inflation is a measure of the total inflation within an economy, including commodities such as food and energy prices (e.g., oil and gas ), which tend to be much more volatile and prone to inflationary spikes.

  Rooftop solar A global study has found that India is the most cost-effective country for generating rooftop solar energy at $66 per megawatt-hour, while the cost in China is marginally higher at $68 per megawatt-hour. Due to the lower cost, rooftop solar photovoltaics (RTSPV) technology, such as roof-mounted solar panels used in homes, and commercial and industrial buildings, is currently the fastest deployable energy generation technology. This is projected to fulfill up to 49% of the global electricity demand by 2050. According to the study, India has a significant solar rooftop potential of 1.7 petawatt-hour per year. source the hindu

  Gati Shakti National Master Plan launched- Oct 13,2021 objective to provide new momentum to the economic growth of the country. reducing the cost of logistics to GDP that has prevailed at about 14% even at the time the NDA government took office, to an aspirational 8%. reducing vehicular emissions from road freight growth in order to meet climate change commitments and containing input costs due to extraordinarily high taxes on diesel. A similar fillip to efficiency in port operations can increase cargo handling capacity and cut vessel turnaround time. to generate jobs. how they will achieve goals?  a technocentric administrative initiative that promises silo-breaking integration of 16 Ministries including railways, roads, and ports through information technology, satellite mapping, and data tools,  the program seeks to appeal to the national imagination as  an umbrella integrator  of ₹111-lakh crore worth of projects under the National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP) for 2020-

GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX AND INDIA   The Global Hunger Index launched on Thursday ranked India at 101 positions out of a total of 116 countries . India is also among the 31 countries where hunger has been identified as serious. India ranked 94 among 107 countries in the Global Hunger Index (GHI) released last year. India was also behind most of the neighboring countries. Pakistan was placed at 92 ranks, Nepal at 76, and Bangladesh also at 76. The Index tracks key indicators used to measure progress toward Zero Hunger by 2030 at national, regional, and global levels. Based on the values of the four indicators - undernourishment, child wasting, child stunting, and child mortality - the GHI determines hunger on a 100-point scale, where 0 is the best possible score (no hunger) and 100 is the worst. Each country’s GHI score is classified by severity, from low to extremely alarming. Somalia has the highest level of hunger according to the 2021 GHI ranking — its GHI score of 50.8 is consi